Search results for "uhanalaiset eläimet"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Will legal international rhino horn trade save wild rhino populations?
2020
Wild vertebrate populations all over the globe are in decline, with poaching being the second-most-important cause. The high poaching rate of rhinoceros may drive these species into extinction within the coming decades. Some stakeholders argue to lift the ban on international rhino horn trade to potentially benefit rhino conservation, as current interventions appear to be insufficient. We reviewed scientific and grey literature to scrutinize the validity of reasoning behind the potential benefit of legal horn trade for wild rhino populations. We identified four mechanisms through which legal trade would impact wild rhino populations, of which only the increased revenue for rhino farmers cou…
A case study of the coconut crab Birgus latro on Zanzibar highlights global threats and conservation solutions
2021
Abstract The coconut crab Birgus latro, the largest terrestrial decapod, is under threat in most parts of its geographical range. Its life cycle involves two biomes (restricted terrestrial habitats near the coast, and salt water currents of the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans). Its dependence on coastal habitat means it is highly vulnerable to the habitat destruction that typically accompanies human population expansion along coastlines. Additionally, it has a slow reproductive rate and can reach large adult body sizes that, together with its slow movement when on land, make it highly susceptible to overharvesting. We studied the distribution and population changes of coconut crabs at 15…
Choosy beetles : How host trees and southern boreal forest naturalness may determine dead wood beetle communities
2021
Wood-living beetles make up a large proportion of forest biodiversity and contribute to important ecosystem services, including decomposition. Beetle communities in managed southern boreal forests are less species rich than in natural and near-natural forest stands. In addition, many beetle species rely primarily on specific tree species. Yet, the associations between individual beetle species, forest management category, and tree species are seldom quantified, even for red-listed beetles. We compiled a beetle capture dataset from flight intercept traps placed on Norway spruce (Picea abies), oak (Quercus sp.), and Eurasian aspen (Populus tremulae) trees in 413 sites in mature managed forest…
Relationship between the endangered freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera, its salmonid host and co-infectants
2018
The relationship between the freshwater pearl mussel (hereafter FPM), Margaritifera margaritifera, and its salmonid host — pivotal for the conservation of this endangered bivalve — is characterized by a long parasitic stage (up to 11 months) and excessive host specificity. This thesis focuses on this relationship by experimentally studying the effect of FPM infection on the growth and resistance of salmonid fish and how the infection influences vulnerability of the host to other parasites and diseases, as well as how exposure of the host to other parasites affects vulnerability to FPM. Infection with FPM results in (i) reduced growth of the host, brown trout, during the parasitic period. Gl…
Assessing preferences and motivations for owning exotic pets : Care matters
2023
Understanding drivers of demand for exotic pets may help inform adequate conservation strategies to address unsustainable trade. Here, we used a best-worst scaling approach to understand the variety of preferences and motivations for owning exotic pets. Respondents (316 from 33 countries) preferred exotic pets that were captive-bred, had rare aesthetic features, and were common in the wild and abundant in the market. Species that were at risk of extinction, in short supply, sourced from the wild, and under trade restrictions were the least favoured by respondents. Feelings of care, such as attachment, affection, nurture, as well as curiosity and being passionate about the species, were domi…
Opposing health effects of hybridization for conservation
2021
The continuing decline of many natural plant and animal populations emphasizes the importance of conservation strategies. Hybridization as a management tool has proven successful in introducing gene flow to small, inbred populations, but can be also associated with health risks. For example, hybridization can change susceptibility to infection in either direction due to heterosis (hybrid vigor) and outbreeding depression, but such health effects have rarely been considered in the genetic management of populations. Here, we investigated the effects of experimental outcrossing between the critically endangered Saimaa landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) and the genetically more diverse A…
Hämähäkkieläimet : Arachnida
2019
From influencing to engaging : the role of communication in protecting endangered species
2018
Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää, mikä on viestinnän rooli uhanalaisten eläinlajien suojelussa. Kohdeorganisaationa on WWF Nepal. Nepal valikoitui kohteeksi, sillä maassa on saatu aikaan merkittäviä suojelusaavutuksia. Nepal on muun muassa saavuttanut jo neljä kertaa vuoden mittaisen jakson, jonka aikana ei ole salametsästetty yhtäkään sarvikuonoa. Lisäksi maan sarvikuono- ja tiikerikannat ovat kasvussa. Nepalin uhanalaisten eläinten suojelusta on siis selkeästi opittavaa, ja tämä tutkimus pyrkii etsimään viestinnällisten tekojen vaikutuksia prosessissa. Tämä tutkimus on abduktiivinen, eli teoreettisen viitekehyksen rakentaminen ja aineiston analyysi ovat edenneet limittäin. Ain…
Chimpanzees surviving in a fragmented high‐altitude forest landscape of the Congolese Albertine Rift
2021
This paper documents a community of eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii Giglioli, 1872) inhabiting three relict forest fragments situated on the Lake Albert escarpment, down the Ituri highlands, of eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The area explored had a combined forested surface of ±18.15 km2 in 2017, shrinking by 1.2% per year between 2010 and 2015. Between 2015 and 2017, we found 160 chimpanzee nests along 37.6 km of pilot walks, some up to 2,000 m altitude. Another 123 nests logged along 6.7 km transects led to an estimate of chimpanzee density of 4.62 weaned individuals per square kilometer of forest habitat. Camera‐trap images and direct observations rev…
Ecological traits as determinants of extinction risk and distribution change in lepidoptera
2008
Lajeja häviää nyt nopeammin kuin koskaan aiemmin maapallon historiassa. Lajit eivät kuitenkaan häviä sattumanvaraisesti, vaan niiden ekologiset piirteet vaikuttavat siihen, kuinka hyvin ne kestävät erilaisia uhkatekijöitä.Yksi luonnonsuojelubiologian tärkeimmistä tavoitteista onkin löytää ne lajikohtaiset ekologiset ominaisuudet, jotka altistavat lajit taantumiselle ja sukupuuttoriskille.Niina Mattila selvitti väitöskirjatutkimuksessaan, mitkä ekologiset ominaisuudet vaikuttavat yöperhosten, mittareiden ja päiväperhosten sukupuuttoriskiin ja taantumiseen Suomessa. Lisäksi Mattila tutki mihin ilmansuuntaan päiväperhosten levinneisyys Suomessa on muuttunut ja vaikuttavatko lajien ekologiset o…